Dracaena draco

This is a slow-growing, evergreen tree with a bushy habit. It can grow from 4-7m tall and 2-3m wide.

The leaves can grow up to 60cm long and 5cm wide. They are blue-green, stiff and sword-shaped. As the old leaves die, they gradually reveal a scaly pattern down the trunk. At about 10 to 15 years of age, the stem stops growing and produces a flower spike with green-white, perfumed flowers in summer, followed by coral-coloured berries.

Plant in a moist well drained soil in full sun or part shade. Dracaenas are also very hardy and drought tolerant when established so are good for coastal areas. They will tolerate extreme heat winds and salt spray as a result they hate wet boggy soils.

Always choose healthy, well-grown plants. Dracaena may be planted at any time throughout the year, provided they are well watered during dry periods. Planting success can be improved on clay soils by adding extra topsoil and forming raised beds. Incorporate coarse sand, bark, compost or other organic material to improve soil structure. Dig a hole in the ground twice the size of the root ball. Before planting, ensure that the root ball is saturated and remove planter pot with minimal root disturbance. As soil is placed in the prepared hole, tread firmly to bring soil in close contact with the root ball. Water thoroughly, making sure that moisture penetrates to the depth of the root ball.

Tall plants may require staking to stabilise the root ball until established. Use wide ties that hold securely without chafing. Tie firmly but allow room for the trunk to increase in girth without constriction. This allows the plant to move a little in the wind, encouraging development of a strong root system.

Apply mulch annually to suppress weeds and conserve moisture. Organic material, such as sawdust and bark, contribute to soil structure. However, make sure to keep mulch away from plant stems. The first summer and autumn after planting are critical for young plants, so water thoroughly during dry periods. A light application (50g/m2) of general-purpose fertiliser in spring is beneficial. Sprinkle evenly and work into the top 2 to 3cm of the soil, taking care not to damage surface roots.

Once established, dracaena don't need regular watering, as its leaves are a dew and rain trap. It thrives as well in pots as in garden beds. It can remain potted for many years and can be replanted at any age. Dracaena are very sensitive to fluoride, so water with rainwater if possible. Dracaenas don't usually require pruning.

It is highly resistant to pests and diseases.

Rock Garden

It is native to the Canary Islands but is now endangered in its natural habitat. The Dracaena draco is one of the world's most unique and interesting feature tree. Its hardiness makes it the perfect plant for our drought-stricken lands.